william the conqueror gray family

This band of young men went to the castle at Remalard, where they proceeded to raid into Normandy. [124], As part of his efforts to secure England, William ordered many castles, keeps, and mottes built among them the central keep of the Tower of London, the White Tower. Lady Jane Grey (r. 10-19 July 1553) | The Royal Family William and Malcolm agreed to peace by signing the Treaty of Abernethy, and Malcolm probably gave up his son Duncan as a hostage for the peace. William the Conqueror after Hastings, image extracted from Poems for Christmas, Easter, and New Year's, 1885, on Wikimedia Commons. He escaped and, by traveling As William is an 11th generation descendant of Charlemagne (747-814), the people below also descend from . George Herbert Walker Bush (1924- ), 41st President of the US. During the Bretons' flight, rumours swept through the Norman forces that the duke had been killed, but William succeeded in rallying his troops. [2], There is no evidence of any illegitimate children born to William. He finally crossed the Thames at Wallingford in early December. Although Odo remained in confinement for the rest of William's reign, his lands were not confiscated. Sam He was the second described as Scotch-Irish, are doubtless the descendants of that branch [145], William's reign has caused historical controversy since before his death. xxxx xxxxxxx London, England. taken to England where he was imprisioned. William I the Conqueror King of England (1028-1087) FamilySearch William I[a] (c.1028[1] 9 September 1087), usually known as William the Conqueror and sometimes William the Bastard,[2][b] was the first Norman king of England, reigning from 1066 until his death in 1087. London, S.E., 1892, states that John Gray of that place had the following Harold stopped in London, and was there for about a week before marching to Hastings, so it is likely that he spent about a week on his march south, averaging about 27 miles (43 kilometres) per day,[81] for the distance of approximately 200 miles (320 kilometres). the private press of Frederick Arthur Crisp, Grove Park, Denmark Hill, He did not try to integrate his domains into one empire but continued to administer each part separately. The union was arranged in 1049, but Pope Leo IX forbade the marriage at the Council of Rheims in October 1049. [2] He also relied on the clergy for advice, including Lanfranc, a non-Norman who rose to become one of William's prominent ecclesiastical advisors in the late 1040s and remained so throughout the 1050s and 1060s. [94] But the families of Harold and his brothers lost their lands, as did some others who had fought against William at Hastings. Within the first century, between 1620 and 1720, research indicates that [2], Throughout the summer, William assembled an army and an invasion fleet in Normandy. William the Conqueror, Duke of Normandy, King of England, 1. The surname Gray emerged as a notable Scottish family name in the county of Northumberland where they were recorded as a family of great antiquity seated with manor and estates in that shire. [n][79] Events after the invasion, which included the penance William performed and statements by later popes, do lend circumstantial support to the claim of papal approval. Suffolk, all of that surname derived from the honor and Castle of Gray, If John Tebbel is correct in his book "Turning The World Upside Down", [122] In 1082 William ordered the arrest of his half-brother Odo. Gray Family of Tiverton, RI - RootsWeb On his father's death in 1035, William was recognised by his family as the heir - an . Gray Coat of Arms and Gray Family Crest. [2] Although he put two Normans in overall charge, he retained many of the native English sheriffs. Sarah, baptized January 12, 1616, married Thomas Harding May 30, 1642. Mrs Thomas Houghton (Born 1551) 5775 People 13 Records 25 Sources. Orderic relates that he had previously demanded control of Maine and Normandy and had been rebuffed. Ralph eventually left Norwich in the control of his wife and left England, finally ending up in Brittany. He Was Illegitimate. 1. The Conquest brought the kingdom into closer contact with France and forged ties between France and England that lasted throughout the Middle Ages. It was a fairly simple administrative system, built around the ducal household,[53] which consisted of a group of officers including stewards, butlers, and marshals. The Norman sources do not dispute the fact that Harold was named as the next king, but they declare that Harold's oath and Edward's earlier promise of the throne could not be changed on Edward's deathbed. [77] The Norman fleet finally set sail two days later, landing in England at Pevensey Bay on 28 September. Brief History of the Royal Family CGP Grey it is Gray. Edward Gray, son of John of Stapleford, the progenitor of this branch [i] The marriage nevertheless went ahead some time in the early 1050s,[43][j] possibly unsanctioned by the pope. He enjoyed excellent health until old age, although he became quite fat in later life. thelred and Emma's two sons, Edward and Alfred, went into exile in Normandy while their mother, Emma, became Cnut's second wife. Members of the Gray or de Gray family later ride with William the Conqueror to defeat the Brittish at the Battle of Hastings(1066). to Robert, Duke of Normandy. Andrew Morton Carr Descendant of the right-hand general Ker of William the Conqueror. [107] He left England in the hands of his supporters, including Richard fitzGilbert and William de Warenne,[108] as well as Lanfranc. life and of her heroic death will long illuminate the pages of one of the Other sons were granted earldoms later: Gyrth as Earl of East Anglia in 1057 and Leofwine as Earl of Kent sometime between 1055 and 1057. According to a late source not generally considered to be reliable, papal sanction was not secured until 1059, but as papal-Norman relations in the 1050s were generally good, and Norman clergy were able to visit Rome in 1050 without incident, it was probably secured earlier. This daughter later married William, lord of, Walter had two daughters. To deal with Norman affairs, William put the government of Normandy into the hands of his wife for the duration of the invasion. Not an insignificant sum!! [123], Maine continued to be difficult, with a rebellion by Hubert de Beaumont-au-Maine, probably in 1084. In 1047, William was able to quash a rebellion and begin to establish his authority over the duchy, a process that was not complete until about 1060. . But William was not finished; he marched over the Pennines during the winter and defeated the remaining rebels at Shrewsbury before building Chester and Stafford Castles. The peerage of Scotland: containing an historical and genealogical As one of . The Bayeux Tapestry has been claimed to show Harold's death by an arrow to the eye, but that may be a later reworking of the tapestry to conform to 12th-century stories in which Harold was slain by an arrow wound to the head. homes in the New World. More difficulties struck in 1083 when William's son Robert rebelled once more with support from the French king. According to stories that may have legendary elements, an attempt was made to seize William at Valognes, but he escaped under cover of darkness, seeking refuge with King Henry. Two further Norman retreats were feigned, to once again draw the English into pursuit and expose them to repeated attacks by the Norman cavalry. and Maine. The first being that about 5 million people are descended from William the Conqueror so establishing myself as the true heir to the British throne could be tricky. [129], The medieval chronicler William of Malmesbury says that the king also seized and depopulated many miles of land (36 parishes), turning it into the royal New Forest region to support his enthusiastic enjoyment of hunting. The name Gray is of local origin, or, it follows the name of a place as town clerk and in other capacities. of John included John Lord Grey of Groby who married Elizabeth Wydville, a royal commission set up by William in 1085-86), as lord of many manors The remaining earls Edwin (of Mercia), Morcar (of Northumbria), and Waltheof (of Northampton) were confirmed in their lands and titles. Gray who was slain at the second battle of St. Albans, 1461. [34] However, in 1052 the king and Geoffrey Martel made common cause against William at the same time as some Norman nobles began to contest William's increasing power. Although Alexander did give papal approval to the conquest after it succeeded, no other source claims papal support prior to the invasion. [100] The historian David Bates sees this coronation as the ceremonial papal "seal of approval" for William's conquest. This lone relic was reburied in 1642 with a new marker, which was replaced 100 years later with a more elaborate monument. The difficulties over the succession led to a loss of authority in Normandy, with the aristocracy regaining much of the power they had lost to the elder William. 1. [35] William was engaged in military actions against his own nobles throughout 1053,[36] as well as with the new Archbishop of Rouen, Mauger. Rebecca, baptized 1615, married Thomas Perry May 28, 1650. [2], While William was in Normandy, a former ally, Eustace, the Count of Boulogne, invaded at Dover but was repulsed. Members [25], King Henry continued to support the young duke,[26] but in late 1046 opponents of William came together in a rebellion centred in lower Normandy, led by Guy of Burgundy with support from Nigel, Viscount of the Cotentin, and Ranulf, Viscount of the Bessin. He then proceeded to buy off the Danes. [109] William's ability to leave England for an entire year was a sign that he felt that his control of the kingdom was secure. Edward IV married Elizabeth Gray, the widow of Sir John Before he became a monk, Simon handed his county of the Vexin over to King Philip. He died in September 1087 while leading a campaign in northern France, and was buried in Caen. Edward Clarke in the "Clarkes Genealogies" quotes from the The William, Duke of Normandy, conquered England in 1066. This would have been considered tampering with the king's authority over his vassals, which William would not have tolerated. Thomas were sent to America by relatives who were scheming for the property Born circa 1028 in Falaise, Normandy, France, William the Conqueror was an illegitimate child of Robert I, duke of Normandy, who died in 1035 while returning from a pilgrimage to . Family legend says that he and brother Many of the people have more than one path to William, but this is mostly just showing one (ideally the shortest path). In 1402 Owain, and lordships in the counties of Oxford and Buckingham. [96] By March, William was secure enough to return to Normandy, but he took with him Stigand, Morcar, Edwin, Edgar, and Waltheof. Arguing that Edward had previously promised the throne to him and that Harold had sworn to support his claim, William built a large fleet and invaded England in September 1066. there were at least twenty different families of Grays, or different branches [3] Normandy may have been used as a base when Scandinavian attacks on England were renewed at the end of the 10th century, which would have worsened relations between England and Normandy. [115], In late 1077 or early 1078 trouble began between William and his eldest son, Robert. of Gray have sprung, (IV) William de Grey and (V) Henry de Grey. He also retained control of much of the lands of Harold and his family, which made the king the largest secular landowner in England by a wide margin. Medieval chroniclers frequently referred to 11th-century events only by the season, making more precise dating impossible. This made Emma of Normandy his great-aunt and Edward the Confessor his cousin. Whatever Edward's wishes, it was likely that any claim by William would be opposed by Godwin, Earl of Wessex, a member of the most powerful family in England. [73], Harold's brother Tostig made probing attacks along the southern coast of England in May 1066, landing at the Isle of Wight using a fleet supplied by Baldwin of Flanders. [2] William assumed power in Normandy, and shortly after the battle promulgated the Truce of God throughout his duchy, in an effort to limit warfare and violence by restricting the days of the year on which fighting was permitted. [96] Once in Normandy the new English king went to Rouen and the Abbey of Fecamp,[94] and then attended the consecration of new churches at two Norman monasteries. Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882), poet. Their forces landed near Bristol but were defeated by Eadnoth. These fortifications allowed Normans to retreat into safety when threatened with rebellion and allowed garrisons to be protected while they occupied the countryside. [142], The impact on England of William's conquest was profound; changes in the Church, aristocracy, culture, and language of the country have persisted into modern times. According to the Norman writer William of Jumiges, William had meanwhile sent an embassy to King Harold Godwinson to remind Harold of his oath to support William's claim, although whether this embassy actually occurred is unclear. [56] Another important appointment was that of William's half-brother, Odo, as Bishop of Bayeux in either 1049 or 1050. His son, Sir Andrew Gray, joined Are there any direct descendants of William the Conqueror? By 1060, following a long struggle to establish his throne, his hold on Normandy . William I, the first Norman King of England, ascended to the throne in 1066 shortly after the death of his second cousin, Edward the Confessor. Nor is there evidence that many English pennies were circulating in Normandy, which shows little attempt to integrate the monetary systems of England and Normandy. Included among them were Robert of Belleme, William de Breteuil, and Roger, the son of Richard fitzGilbert. In August and September 1079 King Malcolm of Scots raided south of the River Tweed, devastating the land between the River Tees and the Tweed in a raid that lasted almost a month. in the reign of Edward IV., from whom are descended and branched the Barons [27] In early 1047 Henry and William returned to Normandy and were victorious at the Battle of Val-s-Dunes near Caen, although few details of the actual fighting are recorded. There are a few like The listings describe the holding, who owned the land before the Conquest, its value, what the tax assessment was, and usually the number of peasants, ploughs, and any other resources the holding had. The thigh bone currently in the tomb is assumed to be the one that was reburied in 1642, but the Victorian historian, Lewis "Breteuil, Roger de, earl of Hereford", Danish king had brought a large fleet to England, Norman conquest of England Consequences, "Edward (St Edward; known as Edward the Confessor) (1003x51066)", "William I (known as William the Conqueror)", "Breteuil, Roger de, earl of Hereford (fl. By far the most disturbing fact . See also the In 1064 William invaded Brittany in a campaign that remains obscure in its details. and were for many generations in high favor with the English kings. described in what is called the Grand Deed. According to the historian David Bates, this probably means that little of note happened, and that because William was on the continent, there was nothing for the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle to record. in Northumberland.

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